Bilge Pumps 101: How They Work and Why They’re Your Boat’s First Line of Defense
- arkmarineco
- Jul 14
- 2 min read
What Is a Bilge Pump, and Why Should You Care?
Whether you own a runabout, speedboat, fishing boat, or even some specific personal watercraft, your bilge pump plays a critical role in keeping your vessel afloat—literally. This often-overlooked component quietly removes excess water that collects in the lowest part of your boat (the “bilge”) due to rain, spray, leaks, or engine cooling.
If your pump fails? You might not notice—until your boat is sitting lower than it should, or worse, sinking at the dock or out on the water.
How a Bilge Pump Works
A bilge pump is typically electric and automatic, powered by your marine battery. It’s equipped with a float switch that activates the pump when water reaches a certain level.
There are three key components:
The pump itself – which moves water out through a discharge hose
The float switch – which detects water and turns the pump on/off
The discharge outlet – usually located on the side of the hull
Some setups include manual backup pumps that require you to decide when the pump activates via a switch on the dash.
Common Reasons Bilge Pumps Fail
Just like anything on your boat, bilge pumps need regular inspection and care.
Some of the most common reasons they fail include:
Clogged intakes from debris, leaves, or trash
Worn or broken float switches
Corroded wiring or connections
Dead or weak batteries
Cheap or undersized pumps for your vessel’s needs
Signs Your Bilge Pump May Be in Trouble
Keep an eye out for:
Water pooling in your bilge longer than usual
Strange noises or humming but no water discharge
A float switch that doesn’t rise or activate
Pump constantly running (and draining your battery)
Visible corrosion or cracked housing
If you’re seeing these issues, it’s time for a closer look—or a call to Ark Marine.
Recommended Bilge Pump Maintenance
Here’s how to make sure your pump stays in working condition:
Test the pump manually before every boating season
Clean the intake screen (if applicable) regularly to avoid clogs
Check for corroded wiring or loose connections
Verify your float switch moves freely
Make sure your battery is fully charged and connections are clean
Pro tip: Add a backup manual pump switch for extra peace of mind.
When to Replace (or Upgrade) Your Bilge Pump
If your current pump is more than a few years old, unreliable, or undersized for your boat, it may be time to upgrade. Today’s bilge pumps are quieter, more efficient, and offer built-in alarms or dual-pump systems.
Ark Marine offers professional bilge pump installation, troubleshooting, and system upgrades to keep your vessel safe and dry—no guesswork required.
Final Thoughts: Small Part, Big Job
Your bilge pump may not be the flashiest part of your boat, but it’s one of the most important when it comes to safety and longevity. Treat it with the same care you would your engine or fuel system—and it’ll quietly protect your investment for years to come.
Ready for a Bilge Pump Check or Upgrade?
Book a service appointment with Ark Marine Company today and let us make sure your bilge system is ready for whatever the season brings.
